“Those who drink heavily are three times as likely to be hypertensive” as those who abstain. Individuals who drink alcohol in excess can help improve their overall health by stopping drinking. A study from 2023 found that tea consumption could help reduce a person’s risk of hypertension by 10%.
Calories from spirits are essentially the same but whiskey has no carbohydrates or sugar. Its ellagic acid content may also reduce bodily inflammation and lower the risk of obesity. If a person has concerns that they or someone they know might have a dependency on alcohol, they should seek professional advice and support as soon as they can.
- Preliminary research supports Dry January’s benefits, from helping reduce people’s blood pressure, weight and insulin resistance to prompting them to reconsider their long-term relationship with alcohol.
- Hypertension can be genetic or may be due to environmental factors such as poor diet, obesity, tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, and sedentary lifestyle (Weber 2014; WHO 2013).
- We classified the remaining 33 studies as having low risk of bias because heart rate was measured and reported.
- This review summarises the acute effects of different doses of alcohol on blood pressure and heart rate in adults (≥ 18 years of age) during three different time intervals after ingestion of alcohol.
Agreements and disagreements with other studies or reviews
Even if you aren’t drinking for the health benefits, whiskey can still be incredibly therapeutic. Take your time as you sip the amber-hued liquid, and savor every moment. Current alcoholic beverage https://yourhealthmagazine.net/article/addiction/sober-houses-rules-that-you-should-follow/ labels in the US warn of the risks of driving under the influence of alcohol, adverse effects on general health, and risks for a developing fetus — but there’s no mention of cancer. For millions of people, it’s a regular part of the dining experience, social and sports events, celebrations, and milestones.
What are the age-related risk factors of alcohol on blood pressure?
Karatzi 2013Maufrais 2017 and Van De Borne 1997 measured blood pressure before and after treatment but did not report these measurements. We classified nine studies as having high risk of bias (Agewall 2000; Bau 2011; Buckman 2015; Dumont 2010; Fazio 2004; Karatzi 2013; Maufrais 2017; Rossinen 1997; Van De Borne 1997). Agewall 2000 measured blood pressure upon participants’ arrival and did not measure blood pressure after the intervention. The aim of Bau 2011 was to Sober House Rules: What You Should Know Before Moving In determine the effects of alcohol on heart rate variability, so study authors did not measure and report DBP. For Buckman 2015, blood pressure was recorded beat to beat continuously, but DBP was not reported.
Health benefits of avoiding alcohol
Alcohol has been reported to diminish baroreceptor sensitivity, which is a key factor in regulating blood pressure (Abdel‐Rahman 1985; Rupp 1996). Baroreceptors or stretch receptors are mechanoreceptors located on the arch of the aorta and the carotid sinus. They can detect changes in blood pressure and can maintain blood pressure by controlling heart rate, contractility, and peripheral resistance. Acute administration of alcohol stimulates the release of histamine and endorphin, which interferes with baroreflex sensitivity (Carretta 1988).
That misconception is rooted in a 1992 paper that found that moderate wine consumption protected French people against heart disease—even though their diet included plenty of meat, oil and butter. First, there was the possibility of undesired bias and imprecision due to imputations of missing statistics. Most of the included studies did not report the standard error (SE)/standard deviation (SD) of the mean difference (MD) for the outcomes of interest. As described in our protocol, when we were unable to obtain the required SE/SD from study authors or by calculation from the reported P value or 95% CI, we imputed data according to the pre‐specified imputation hierarchy. We most often used the reported endpoint SE/SD value to impute the SE/SD of MD. This is known to provide a good approximation of the SD of change in BP so is unlikely to lead to bias.
This means you may experience withdrawal symptoms if you stop abruptly. Your blood pressure is elevated if it is 120 to 129 systolic and 80 to 89 diastolic. Alcohol has long been considered a “social lubricant” because drinking may encourage social interaction. Having a drink while getting together with family or friends is often part of many special occasions. The type of alcohol doesn’t matter, but rather the frequency of your consumption, according to Sameer Amin, MD, a cardiologist and chief medical officer at L.A. “If you have high blood pressure, it’s probably in your best interest to drink minimally,” Morledge said.
Wilson 2014 published data only
When they become impaired by alcohol intake, the body might not respond as effectively to changes in blood pressure, leading to persistent high blood pressure. When you drink alcohol, it can lead to an increase in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) excitability. When the SNS is stimulated or “activated” due to stress or alcohol intake, it works harder than usual. That’s partly why people who drink may find that although they’re consuming the same amount they always have, they feel the effects more quickly or strongly — that’s especially true for older women, according to the National Institute on Aging. A slower metabolism also plays a role, as do medications — prescription, over-the-counter, even herbal remedies — that are common among older people.
Similarly, when blood pressure increases, these receptors increase the stretching of the blood vessel walls in order to decrease blood pressure. Alcohol increases blood levels of the hormone renin, which causes the blood vessels to constrict. Various drinks may help a person reduce their blood pressure, such as tea or beetroot juice. A person who has hypertension should avoid consuming too much caffeine or soda. The Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion notes that people between the ages of 18 and 39 years who are not at risk of hypertension should have their blood pressure checked by a doctor at least every 3–5 years.
Here is how drinking levels are defined according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Women should be especially cautious about alcohol, Goldberg says, as they may be more likely than men to develop health problems, particularly among young or middle-aged women who have eight or more drinks a week. “I generally advise patients to try to avoid alcohol intake until we can get the blood pressure controlled,” Goldberg says.
It is recommended that there should be at least 10 studies reporting each of the subgroups in question (Deeks 2011). Among the 34 included studies, only four studies included hypertensive participants. So, it was not possible to conduct a subgroup analysis based on blood pressure. For the planned subgroup analysis based on sex, no study reported male and female participant data separately.
- For multi‐arm trials, if a study reported more than one intervention arm, we identified the relevant intervention arm and included that in the review.
- We did not see any significant change in blood pressure or heart rate after that, but the evidence was limited.
- Intermediate (7 to 12 hours) and late (after 13 hours) effects of the medium dose of alcohol on HR were based on only four trials and were not statistically different compared to placebo.
- In the case of registration at clinical trials.gov, we considered only one study to have low risk of bias (Barden 2013).
- We included adult (≥ 18) participants of both sexes without any restriction on their health condition.
- Acute administration of alcohol stimulates the release of histamine and endorphin, which interferes with baroreflex sensitivity (Carretta 1988).
DBP was not significantly affected up to 12 hours after drinking a high dose of alcohol, but there was a statistically significant increase in DBP during the ≥ 13 hour time interval after alcohol consumption. Medium‐dose alcohol decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 5.6 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 4 mmHg within the first six hours of consumption. Alcohol has been a part of almost every human culture for a very long time (McGovern 2009).
Cutler 1991 published data only
The CDC notes it is impossible to know whether these health benefits are due to drinking low amounts of alcohol, or whether they are due to differences in genetics or behaviors of people who drink moderately compared with those who do not. According to the CDC, the reported health benefits of moderate alcohol consumption may be inaccurate. If you have high blood pressure, do not drink alcohol or don’t drink much alcohol. For healthy adults, that means up to one drink a day for women and up to two drinks a day for men. Third, people can try out Dry January—whether that involves cutting back or quitting entirely. “The all-or-nothing approach is never a good idea,” Seija says, because while some people can go cold turkey, it’s unrealistic to demand that everyone who drinks should quit forever.